Standardization of organic cultivation practice for enhancing yield and quality of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) in Terai region of West Bengal
Organic cultivation in turmeric
Keywords:
Turmeric, Organic, Yield, CurcuminAbstract
Turmeric is one of most important spice crops grown commercially in West Bengal. Consumption of chemical free turmeric is needed for health benefits. Therefore, standardization of the organic nutrient dosage is necessary to enhance yield and quality of turmeric. The study was conducted at the research farm of ICAR-National Institute for Research on Commercial Agriculture, Research station Dinhata, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India during the year 2021-22, 2022-23, 2023-24. The turmeric variety Lakadong was planted for this experiment. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications and twelve treatments viz., T1: Control; T2: Recommended dose of NPK (120: 80:120 kg/ha), T3: FYM (40 t/ha); T4: Maize straw compost (MSC) (50 t/ha); T5: Pond settled mud (50 t/ha); T6: Vermicompost (10 t/ha); T7: FYM (40 t/ha) + Microbial consortium ; T8: Maize straw compost (40 t/ha) + Microbial consortium; T9: Pond settled mud (50 t/ha) + Microbial consortium; T10: FYM (20 t/ha) + Vermicompost (5 t/ha); T11: Maiz straw compost (20 t/ha) + Vermicompost (5 t/ha) + Microbial consortium; T12: Pond settled mud (25 t/ha) + Vermicompost (5 t/ha) + Microbial consortium. According to the experimental data, the highest fresh rhizome weight per plant (116.9 g) was observed in recommended fertilizer dose followed by 114.8 g in Maize straw compost (20 t/ha) + Vermicompost (5 t/ha) + Microbial consortium and 114.7 g in FYM (40 t/ha) + Microbial consortium which were statistically at par. Total fresh rhizome yield of turmeric varied significantly with the application of different treatments. The results revealed that application of recommended fertilizer dose gave total fresh rhizome yield of 9.7 t/ha which was on a par with FYM (40 t/ha) + Microbial consortium with total fresh rhizome yield (9.5 t/ha). The highest curcumin (4.5 %) was obtained in the application of Vermi compost @ 10 t/ha followed by 4.3 % in application of FYM (40 t/ha) + Microbial Consortium which were statistically at par. The effect of FYM + Microbial consortium proved a crucial role in maximising the total fresh rhizome yield per hectare as well as curcumin content of turmeric variety Lakadong. This combination led to higher yield and quality as compared to the other treatments applied and can be recommended for cultivation of Lakadong turmeric in Terai region of West Bengal.
Downloads
References
Anandaraj M, Prasath D, Kandiannan K, Zachariah TJ, Srinivasan V, Jha AK, Singh BK, Singh AK, Pandey VP, Singh SP, Sobha N, Jana JC, Kumar KR, Maheswari KU. 2014. Genotype by environment interaction effects on yield and curcumin in turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Industrial Crops Products 53: 358–364.
Anonymous 2024. Area and Production of Horticulture crops for 2023-24 (2nd Advance Estimates) 2023-24_Second_Advance_Estimates.xlsx (live.com).
Anuradha UB, Patil SS, Kurubar AR, Ramesh G, Hiregoudar S. 2018. Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth and yield of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) cv. Salem. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 7(1): 3196-3203.
Bahl JR, Bansal RP, Garg SN, Gupta MM, Singh V, Goel R, Kumar S. 2014. Variation in yield of curcumin and yield and quality of leaf and rhizome essential oils among Indian land races of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Proceeding of Indian National Science Academy 80: 143-156.
Bajpai RK, Chitale S, Upadhyay SK, Urkurkar JS. 2006. Long-term studies on soil physico-chemical properties and productivity of rice wheat system as influence by integrated nutrient management in Inceptisol of Chhattisgarh. Journal of Indian Society of Soil Science 54: 24-29.
Datta S, Jana J. C, Bhaisare PT, Nimbalkar KH. 2017. Effect of organic source of nutrients and biofertilizers on growth, yield and quality of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Journal of Applied and Natural Science 9(4): 1981-1986.
Devi KSP, Sangamithra A. 2011. Turmeric - Indian Saffron. Technical Bulletin: Science Tech Entrepreneur, pp. 1-7.
Dinesh R, Srinivasan V, Hamza S, Manjusha A. 2010. Short-term incorporation of organic manures and biofertilizers influences biochemical and microbial characteristics of soils under an annual crop [Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)]. Bioresource Technology 101: 4697-4702.
Govind S, Gupta PN, Chandra R 2005. Response of N and P levels on growth and yield components of turmeric in acid soils of Meghalaya. Indian Journal of Horticulture 47: 79-84.
Hossain A Md, Ishimine Y. 2007. Effect of farm yard manure on growth and yield of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) cultivated in dark red soil, red soil and gray soil in Okinawa, Japan. Plant Production Science 10(1): 146-150.
Jagadeeswaran R, Muruggappan V, Govindswamy M. 2007. Effect of slow release NPK fertilizer sources on the nutrient use efficiency in turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). World Journal of Agricultural Science, 1: 65-69.
Jansirani D, Saradha R, Salomideborani N, Selvapriyadharshini J. 2014. Comparative evaluation of various extraction methods of curcuminoids from Curcuma longa. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences 12(1): 286-288.
Jha AK, Deka BC. 2012. Present status and prospects of ginger and turmeric in NE States. Kiran [online] www. kiran. nic. in/pdf/publications.
Kadam JH, Kamble BM. 2020. Effect of organic manures on growth, yield and quality of turmeric (Curcuma longa L). Journal of Applied and Natural Science 12(2): 91-97.
Kale RO, Mallesh BC, Bano K, Basvaraj DJ 1992. Influence of vermicompost application on the available micronutrients and selected microbial population in a paddy field. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 24: 1317-1320.
Kamal MZU, Yousuf MN. 2012. Effect of organic manures on growth, rhizome yield and quality attributes of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). The Agriculturist 10(1): 16-22
Lyngdoh EAS, Swami S. 2018. Phytoremediation effect on heavy metal polluted soilsof Jaintia Hills in North Eastern Hill Region. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 7(11): 1734-1743.
Mandi S, Saha P, Saha ND, Bindu JP, Barman JKR, Nambari R, Dam SK, Satyanarayana K, Krishna SK. 2025. Influence of time of planting and spacing on yield and quality of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) in terai region of West Bengal. Current Horticulture 13(3): 37-42.
Mohapatra SC, Das TK. 2009. Integrated effect of biofertilizers and organic manures on turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Environment and Ecology 27(3A): 1444-1445.
Parikh RP, Bhalerao PP, Patil SJ. 2023. Effect of foliar application of organic liquids on yield and quality of turmeric (Curcuma longa). Current Horticulture 11(1): 30-32.
Ronya T, Buragohain N, Gautam BP, Langthasa S, Choudhury H, Sarma PK. 2020. Effect of organics on growth, yield and quality attributes of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) Cv. tall clone. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 9(2): 1151-1155.
Sarma I, Phukon M, Borgohain R. 2015. Effect of Organic Manure, Vermicompost and Neem cake on Growth, Yield and Profitability of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) Variety-Megha Turmeric-1. Asian Journal of Biological Science 10(2): 133-137.
Shreeranjan 2006. SHG Federation to cultivate Lakadong Turmeric. Quarterly Newsletter on SHG movement in Meghalaya 1(3): 2.
Silva MF, Pescador R, Rebelo RA, Sturmer SL. 2008. The effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal isolates on the development and oleoresin production of micropropagated Zingiber officinale. Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology 20: 119-130.
Singh RP, Jain PK, Verma A Jhade RK 2015. Yield and quality parameters of turmeric as influenced by application of bio-fertilizers and organic manures. Environment and Ecology 33(1): 50-54.
Sreekala GS, Jayachandran BK. 2006. Effect of organic manures and microbial inoculants on nutrient uptake, yield and nutrient status of soil in ginger intercropped coconut garden. Journal of Plantation Crops 34(1): 25-31.
Srinivasan V, Sadanandan AK, Hamza S. 2000. An IPNU approach in spices with special emphasis on coir compost. pp. 1363-1365. In: International Conference on Managing Natural Resources for Sustainable Agricultural Production in the 21stCentury. Feb.14-18, 2000, New Delhi.
Velmurugan M, Chezhian N, Jwaharlal M. 2007. Studies on the effect of organic manures and biofertilizers on rhizome yield and its attributes of turmeric cv. BSR-1. The Asian Journal of Horticulture 2(2): 23-29.
Verma VK, Patel RK, Deshmukh NA, Jha AK, Ngachan SV, Singha AK, Deka BC. 2019. Response of ginger and turmeric to organic versus traditional production practices at different elevations under humid subtropics of north-eastern India. Industrial Crops & Products 136: 21-27.
Yamawaki K, Matsumura A, Hattori R, Tarui A, Hossain MA, Ohashi Y, Daimon H. 2013. Effect of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth, nutrient uptake and curcumin production of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Agricultural Science 4: 6-71.
Yumnam V, Swami S. 2022. Performance of Lakadong Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) under Integrated Application of Farm Yard Manure, Vermicompost and Chemical Fertilizers. Biological Forum – An International Journal 14(3): 515-520.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Current Horticulture
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The copyright of the articles published in CURRENT HORTICULTURE is vested with the Society for Horticultural Research and Development (SHRD), which reserves the right to enter into any agreement with any organization in India or abroad, for reprography, photocopying, storage and dissemination of information. The SHRD has no objection to using the material, provided the information is not being utilized for commercial purposes and wherever the information is being used, proper credit is given to SHRD.